George A. Custer - American Indian Wars

People Have Hunted Throughout Human History - 1503 Words

People have hunted throughout human history. Why do we hunt? To know what hunting is you must understand it. Hunting requires skill, accuracy and patience. Hunting is seeking, tracking, stalking, or calling a wild animal with the intention, or aim, of killing it. People often ask hunters why they hunt. Most say they hunt for three reasons: Food, to help balance wildlife, and to enjoy the challenge. People who lived thousands of years ago left clues about their lives. Some of these clues were pictures painted on the wall inside caves. Some showed animals being hunted. This proves that hunting has been part of society for many years. The first hunters may have trapped animals and beat them with clubs. Later on, they invented more efficient weapons for getting the job done. Early weapons are referred as primitive weapons. Some hunters feel that using primitive weapons gives animals a greater chance to escape. This provides a great challenge for hunters and is most fair for the animal. States often have special hunting seasons for hunters who use these primitive weapons. The crossbow was the first major improvement in hunting. Being able to kill at a distance, most hunters now use up-to-date firearms. However, modern versions of hunting weapons are still used. Another great traditional weapon would be the bow. It was, and still is, one of the greatest weapons in hunting. The modern version of a bow is know as a compound bow. Very similar to its sibling, the bow, just not madeShow MoreRelatedCompare and Contrast Maya, Aztec, and Inca Culture Essay677 Words   |  3 PagesAztec, and Inca culture In history we the people have found to realize that the Maya, Aztec, and Inca culture was one of the most incredible findings of their accomplishments. The Maya, Aztec, and Inca civilizations were really smart in topics of engineering, writing, agriculture and astronomy. Also all three had their beliefs, and good with agriculture. All three cultures used great technologies in their agriculture like slash and burn, terrace farming. They all hunted for religion, they had a hugeRead MoreWhere Would We Be Without Technology?1562 Words   |  7 Pagespositive and important way. These three innovations throughout human history are prime examples of how the evolution of technology can benefit society in many ways. The discovery of fire had a colossal effect on society in the stone ages and throughout all of human history, including modern day. The discovery of fire, through random chance or by possibly knowing the potential benefits that fire provided, was the starting point which helped humans evolve alongside this new technology. The technologicalRead MoreThe Beast In Lord Of The Flies1587 Words   |  7 PagesIn this essay, I will discuss the growing importance of the beast in William Golding’s award winning novel: Lord Of The Flies. Throughout history, beasts have been portrayed in many different ways, from grizzly bears, alligators, and even people. A lot of beasts have been created as scary looking, vicious animals, who play the role of villains in stories. Some beasts however, are generous animals who capture the hearts of princesses, such as the classic Beauty And The Beast. In Chapter One, theRead MoreRhino Poaching And The Exotic Animal Trade1493 Words   |  6 Pagesfood from a grocery store. It is hard to remember that around the globe there are different customs and ways of life. A lot of people make the means to live by working the land, owning their own shops, fishing, and hunting animals. Poachers in Africa make their living by hunting elephants, lions, rhinos, and other exotic animals. Countries in Asia, like Vietnam and China, have been using rhino horn medicinally for generations. Would they be willing to change their entire lifestyle to save the existenceRead MoreWolves: Keeping Nature in Balance Essay1057 Words   |  5 Pageswolf hunting season seems like a no brainer, right? But what if that’s not how wolves are, what if they are innocent, so to say. Should they be hunted? The short answer is no. There should not be a wolf hunting season because many of the thoughts on wolves are incorrect; hunting would compromise wolf studies, and the population is already suffering. We have all heard of the Big Bad Wolf, stalking children and spreading fear and chaos. It commits heinous crimes and deserves to be destroyed. This isRead MoreFashion Throughout History965 Words   |  4 Pages​Throughout history, fashion has been the gateway for self-expression. With fashion, people have been able to highlight their culture, social class, and emotion. Through the passing of time alternative materials have surfaced to take the place of killing animals for fashion purposes. While animal rights groups such as People for the Ethical Treatment of Animals (PETA) and Animal Liberation argue against the killing of animals for fashion, opposing views point to the personal, physical, and economicRead MoreRwanda Genocide892 Words   |  4 Pages November 12, 2013 MAHG 5028 Religion and Genocide: Rittner Conversation Starter #12 Rwandan Genocide The Angels Have Left Us by Hugh McCullum, discusses the African tragedy that took place in Rwanda, which resulted in the murder of over one million victims. The Rwanda genocide was between two groups, the Hutu and the Tutsi. Hutu were considered to be the natives and indigenous to the land, where Tutsi were considered to be the non-native settlers who were non indigenous. ThroughRead MoreHunting Is Not Only Sustainable1464 Words   |  6 PagesHunting has been a way of life and means of survival for many different people groups throughout history. Today however, a large portion of society is becoming less tolerant towards hunting. This anti-hunting sentiment comes as a result of poor hunting practices in the past which damaged wildlife populations; however, much has been done since then to improve the practice of hunting. Hunting today both sustains and helps conserve wildlife. Hunting practices today are sustainable because of strictRead MoreEssay on The Environmental Impact of H uman Exploration985 Words   |  4 PagesThe Environmental Impact of Human Exploration Throughout history, there has continually been movement - of peoples and cultures, diseases, and technology. The movement of each type has affected the environment in different ways. The effect of the changing patterns of human movement on the environment is leading to further environmental degradation. The history of human movement has been one of a shift from a nomadic lifestyle to a more sedentary one with the agricultural revolution. WithRead MoreA Green History of the World by Clive Pointing Essay1299 Words   |  6 PagesA Green History of the World by Clive Pointing A Green History of the World has been very educational reading and has given me a new prospective on the environment. While I do disagree with some of Clive Pointing’s views I have learned a lot from his work. A Green History of the World was a very in-depth look at the past and the future of our environment. Pointing raised my consciousness regarding the trials we face as inhabitants of this great planet and left me with some food for thought

Working Manufacturing Company In Alberta †Myassignmenthelp.Com

Question: Discuss About The Working Manufacturing Company In Alberta? Answer: Introducation The following case study is based on the accident faced a certain worker while working in the manufacturing company in Alberta. This assignment is mainly based on the perspectives and the outlook pertaining to the human resource professional thereby designing the entire procedure through the formulation of steps executed to manage the situation concerning the accident thus keeping the employees workload and how that can be shared. accounting 24, 25 and 42 of the Workers Compensation Act of Alberta are considered to be relevant to this particular situation. Explanation of the purpose of the relevant act According to Tucker, (2003) section 24 addresses the eligibility criteria for deriving compensation. It is stated that a certain worker might be compensated on the grounds that he/ she has faced a sudden personal accident or injury unless the worker bears any attribution relating to misconduct to it. This section also states that the dependents of the worker are exposed to compensation in case of the workers death. Thus in this light, the board is held responsible for the payment of the compensation. Moreover according to the act, it is anticipated that any sort of personal injury or accident and death occurred during the employment is looked upon as a result of employment unless and until the contrary is represented (Island, 2006). The seventh part of section 24 also states that disablement or any probable disablement endured y the worker through the occurrence of any sort of occupational disease, the date that the disablement happened is adjudged or rated in the case of disablement and Probable disablement respectively mentioned Seland et al., (2006). Section 25 addresses that in case a worker is disabled for a particular period of a day of the accident or for the entire day then the employer is liable to offer compensation for that specific day on the next planed pay period amounting to the workers net wage for that period in case if the worker was not exposed to the sudden injury or accident. On the contrary, it states that the board is liable to offer only medical assistance and not any other sort of compensation stated Tucker, (2003). The second part of the section 25 states that if the worker gets disabled for more than a day then the employer s liable to compensate for the day while keeping at par with the board that will compensate for each day starting from the day of accident thus excluding only the days on which the worker would not have worked if he/ she was in normal form. Pertaining to all these clauses under section 25, it is mandatory that the worker produces a physicians report that displays the cause of the worker s absence was due to the injury or accident caused at the management site (Animashaun Odeku, 2014). Island, (2006) expressed that section 42 displays the requirement for the application concerning compensation that shall be acknowledged by the Board through the employment of adjudicator. Therefore concerning the case scenario, it might be drawn that sub parts 2, 4 and 7 of section 24, sub parts 1, 2 and 3 of section 25 as well as section 42 are applicable (Tucker, 2003). Employees and employers duties during accident occurrences According to the Occupational Health and Safety Act of Alberta which got passed during 2000, it is stated that the employers are liable to safeguard and look after the occupational health and safety concerning the workers who are involved in working the respective employer (Seland et al., (2006). those labourers not occupied with work concerning that employer, however, exposed to the work area where that work has been conducted, as well as that the labourers occupied with work in regards to the same employer are mindful of their obligations as well as duties abided by this specific Act, the mandates and the received code. During the case of accident, the prime contractor/ contractor/ employer must report regarding the time, place as well as nature of accident to the Director of Inspection as early as possible. Furthermore the employer is liable to conduct an investigation, construct a report concerning the circumstances and the action taken so that recurrence might be prohibited. As an employee, it becomes crucial to report any injury or accident mentioned Dollar Bakker, (2010). Reference to relevant Act and the relevant steps Besides, the Occupational Health and Safety Act of Alberta, there is another act which is the emergency medical aid act of Alberta which states that protection from any injury or accident will be provided through a registered nurse or a physician by the application f voluntary services and emergency medical aid (Tucker, 2003). Steps incorporated are as follows: Looking after the person injured Prevention of more injuries to occur Safeguarding the so called endangered property which is an outcome of the accident To distribute the workload of the injured, a risk assessment planning might be done through organizational as well as individual interventions thereby allowing the skilled workers to work for the respective job thus adding certain incentives into it (Krueger, 1990). Return to Work program for the employee Training interventions might be provided to the employee who has broken his/ her arm for a new job role where the worker might be fitted in. Compensations must be provided. Framing an action plan for the injured employee, incorporation of physical demands analysis and others might also be initiated (Dollard Bakker, 2010). Direct and indirect costs Indirect costs are considered to be four times more than the direct cost incurred due to accidents in workplace. There are certain direct costs like medical aid while the indirect costs are the investigation cost, delays in scheduling the work, training interventions for the injured and the other workers in shock, legal expenses, expenses arising from replaced tools and workers mentioned Krueger, (1990). References Animashaun, O., Odeku, K. O. (2014). Industrial accident and safety hazards at the workplace: A spatio-physical workplace approach.Mediterranean Journal of Social Sciences,5(20), 2949. Dollard, M. F., Bakker, A. B. (2010). psychology safety climate as a precursor to conducive work environments, psychological health problems, and employee engagement.Journal of Occupational and Organizational Psychology,83(3), 579-599. Island, B. (2006). Northwest Territories.Current Research, Part E. Geological Survey of. Krueger, A. B. (1990). Incentive effects of workers' compensation insurance.Journal of Public Economics,41(1), 73-99. Seland, K., Cherry, N., Beach, J. (2006). A study of factors influencing return to work after wrist or ankle fractures.American journal of industrial medicine,49(3), 197-203. Tucker, E. (2003). Diverging trends in worker healthcare and safety protection and participation in Canada, 1985-2000.Relations Industrielles/Industrial Relations,58(3), 395-426.

Problems Facing Teens Today free essay sample

Teens today are enjoying the cyber age. Information and communication right in the palm of their hands. Going through a day of school is a breeze for these adolescents with all that technology has to offer. Unfortunately, bullying, irresponsible sexual behavior and coming out as gay, lesbian or transgendered, are problems confronting teens daily. Bullying involves a person or a group of persons constantly attacking a person who is weaker or more vulnerable. These attacks can occur in-school or through cyberspace. In-school bullying can be physical, mental or a combination of both. Deleterious teasing and taunting, name calling, hitting and stealing or destroying property are examples of direct attacks. There are also indirect attacks that are more subtle which involve spreading rumors and encouraging others to reject and ignore someone. â€Å"Almost 30 percent of teens in the United States (or over 5. 7 million) are estimated to be involved in school bullying as either a bully, a target of teen bullying, or both†(FamilyFirstAid. We will write a custom essay sample on Problems Facing Teens Today or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page rg). The effect of this bullying can leave a teenager feeling tense, anxious and afraid. Teen bullying can lead to serious mental health issues such as suicidal thoughts and thoughts of violent revenge. The permanent mental health damage can be low self-esteem issues and self-worth. Cyber has taken bullying to an extreme. Teens are now using social networking sites such as Facebook and Myspace â€Å"to harass, threaten, embarrass or target another person†(kidshealth. org). In some cases cyber-bullying can be obvious such as leaving veraciously mean cell phone text messages or cruel notes posted on social networking sites. Cyber-bullying can also involve impersonating the victim, posting personal information or a video which is intended to embarrass and hurt another teen. The effects of this behavior go beyond in-school bullying because it can go on 24 hours a day and there can be no escaping the torment. This leaves teen victims with mental disorders such as anxiety, depression, and other stress-related disorders and for many they have committed suicide. The issue with teen sexual behavior today is that teens are bombarded with sexual content via the media and the internet. This puts teens at risk for not only sexually transmitted diseases and pregnancy but also an unhealthy view of sexual behavior. Peer pressure to engage in adult-like activities can encourage adolescents to engage in various levels of sexual experimentation (education. com). The statistics for teens becoming infected with sexually transmitted diseases are quite high. According to the U. S. Center for Disease Control about 25% of sexually active teenagers get a sexually transmitted disease (STD) every year, and 80% of the infected teens don’t even know they have a STD, passing the disease along to unsuspecting partners. The data of AIDS and teens is chilling—of the new HIV infections each year, about 50% occur in people under the age of 25 (focusas. com). There are negative media images that appear to promote lustful, irresponsible sexual behavior that are often associated with early teenage sexual activity. The internet can provide teens with unlimited access to information on sex. There is also the danger of sexual predators that teenagers chat with online because they feel that it is a safe way to gather information because they are remaining anonymous. Of course, sexual predators know this and they manipulate teenagers into online relationships and then later they try to set up a time and place to meet. Teenagers don’t need a sexual predator to find pornography. It comes to them via spam in their emails and through ‘click-on’ advertisements. Pornography, especially for boys, gives teenagers a twisted view of what constitutes a relationship. When a teenager decides he or she is gay, lesbian or transgendered and tells his or her friends and family, this is called coming out. This is not an easy process for most adolescents. The average age for a teen coming out today is 16 as compared to back in 1980 when it was between the ages of 19 and 23 (Cianciotto, Jason and Sean Cahill 29). Coming out at 16 means they are still attending high school which can have a serious impact on school and work. More schools these days are openly acknowledging Lesbian, Gay, Bi-Sexual and Transgender (LGBT) students and oppose any sort of homophobic bullying. This creates a safe and welcoming environment where all students can be safe and learn. For those students who aren’t attending a school that has these policies set in place, school can become a place of fear and violence for a teen who has either come out or has been outed by their friend or another student. This type of violent behavior towards LGBT young adults can continue outside of school as well. It is not an easy time for a LGBT teen to come out and they fear rejection. Many who try and talk about it with an adult; their parent, a teacher or even a doctor, are told it is just a phase. There are many teens homeless because they came out to their family and they were told to leave home. Of the estimated 1. 6 million homeless American youth, 20 to 40 percent identify as LGBT (Ray, Nicholas 4). It is important for parents to be helpful and involved with their LGBT son or daughter’s live. This will have a positive impact on their mental, physical and social well-being. Those teens that were rejected by their parents have higher rates of both physical and mental disorders. Those disorders can be severe depression and suicidal thoughts including suicidal attempts, having unprotected sex, and using illegal drugs. There aren’t many easy solutions to these teen issues but strides can be made to assist teens in handling these problems in a manner that will improve their lifestyle. ? Works Cited Cianciotto, J , and S. Cahill. Education Policy: Issues Affecting Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual and Transgendered Youth.

Free Essays on Female Desire

On October 21, 2004, I turned into NBC Today at around 7:30 AM and watched a program entitled â€Å"Lustful men are little devils, but women are often tramps†, which discussed the idea that our society still is not comfortable with the idea of female desire. The program was presented by Brian Alexander, who is a California-based writer who covers sex, relationships and health for NBC today. He does this along with his duties as a contributing editor at Glamour, one of the nation’s leading fashion magazines. In the program, viewers were informed that for a few years now, some women have been using testosterone gels and creams obtained from compounding pharmacies in an effort to boost a waning sex drive, often brought on by menopause. And recently, Proctor & Gamble announced data from clinical trials of its Intrinsa patch for women. Should the patch be approved for sale, making it the first drug treatment for female sexual dysfunction on the market and likely cause other companies to follow and reap huge economic rewards for this. However, despite the recent attention to this issue, about 30 years ago doctors noticed that women given testosterone-related steroids for treatment of medical conditions reported a sex drive boost as a side effect. During these intervening three decades, as many as half of all women are estimated to have been suffering from low libido and other sexual problems. I felt that the program brought up some very interesting issues that I’ve found to be true in my experiences. Commonly, I hear on TV and radio about the various types of male enhancement drugs such as Viagra, Levetra, and other forms of male enhancement used in the treatment of sexual dysfunction. It was rare to hear someone like Mr. Alexander speak on the opposite side of the topic, a side that, in agreement, I felt is not discussed in our American society today. If females can be helped in the similar manner as males in sexual dysfunction m... Free Essays on Female Desire Free Essays on Female Desire On October 21, 2004, I turned into NBC Today at around 7:30 AM and watched a program entitled â€Å"Lustful men are little devils, but women are often tramps†, which discussed the idea that our society still is not comfortable with the idea of female desire. The program was presented by Brian Alexander, who is a California-based writer who covers sex, relationships and health for NBC today. He does this along with his duties as a contributing editor at Glamour, one of the nation’s leading fashion magazines. In the program, viewers were informed that for a few years now, some women have been using testosterone gels and creams obtained from compounding pharmacies in an effort to boost a waning sex drive, often brought on by menopause. And recently, Proctor & Gamble announced data from clinical trials of its Intrinsa patch for women. Should the patch be approved for sale, making it the first drug treatment for female sexual dysfunction on the market and likely cause other companies to follow and reap huge economic rewards for this. However, despite the recent attention to this issue, about 30 years ago doctors noticed that women given testosterone-related steroids for treatment of medical conditions reported a sex drive boost as a side effect. During these intervening three decades, as many as half of all women are estimated to have been suffering from low libido and other sexual problems. I felt that the program brought up some very interesting issues that I’ve found to be true in my experiences. Commonly, I hear on TV and radio about the various types of male enhancement drugs such as Viagra, Levetra, and other forms of male enhancement used in the treatment of sexual dysfunction. It was rare to hear someone like Mr. Alexander speak on the opposite side of the topic, a side that, in agreement, I felt is not discussed in our American society today. If females can be helped in the similar manner as males in sexual dysfunction m...

1800s Social Work Essays

1800s Social Work Essays 1800s Social Work Essay 1800s Social Work Essay Nineteenth century America was a time of urbanization, industrialization, immigration, overcrowding and as a result, poverty. During this time, social policy was relatively non-existent and financial assistance was the sole responsibility of private or public charities. Women did not have rights or economic independence, as they were typically considered the property of their husbands. During this time, a woman with three children who was abandoned by her husband would receive little or no financial assistance; she may fall under the category of the â€Å"unworthy† poor, as she was not a widow, elderly or physically disabled. The assistance of this women may have changed from the early to late nineteenth century, as feminists such as Elizabeth Cady Stanton began to advocate for social reform, and others such as Jane Adams became concerned with the social well being of women. From the beginning to late 1800’s some social reform took place and the federal government began to implement various programs and institutions to assist in the financial well being of the poor. Early 1800’s During the early 1800’s, there weren’t any significant federal programs aimed at assisting the poor. Financial aid was allocated as the responsibility of the local community, local government, or religious charity. People were expected to work and take care of their families unless they were elderly, sick or widowed; these were labeled the â€Å"worthy† poor in need of assistance. Women were the â€Å"property† if their husbands and typically performed work inside of the home to contribute to the financial well being of the family. They were responsible for the production of cloth, clothing and shoes. Additionally, there weren’t any limitations on the working hours, wages or conditions for women and children. During this time, a mother of three abandoned by her husband would have received little or no assistance. She would not fall under the classification of the â€Å"worthy† poor, as she was not a widow, elderly or sick. It is possible that her or her children would work in mills under dangerous conditions and long hours, if her children were over the age of three; child labor was prevalent during this time period. If a white woman was unable to financially support her children, they may become apprentices to families who can support them. This served as an educational opportunity for children to learn a trade. Collectively, an able bodied poor person, such as an abandoned woman was deemed â€Å"lazy and sinful† and may have been sent to a workhouse through enforced labor. As the nineteenth century progressed, industrialization spurred the continued migration to urban cities in search of training and work; this led to overcrowding and poverty. Poverty was primarily blamed on the individual. If a woman with three children needed assistance, any community organizations of the time would assume that the problem was intra-psychic and there was a moral deficiency. To address this concern, middle class reformers felt that the betterment of cities could be achieved through moral reconstitution of individuals and families. Several â€Å"moral building† organizations were created; the New York Association for Improving the conditions of the Poor was established in 1843. Male volunteers would offer religious teachings, work to get the poor to abstain from alcohol, become more self-disciplined and acquire the Protestant Work Ethic. As a result, a woman abandoned by her husband would receive moral teachings in her home rather than any financial assistance. Mid 1800’s Towards the 1840’s, advocates of social reform began to voice their concerns regarding poverty. Dorothea Dix spoke of the need for separate facilities for adult offenders, juveniles and the mentally ill. She also suggested that the Federal government be responsible for the mentally ill and provide them with treatment through hospitalization. In 1845, the first state asylum for the mentally ill was established in Trenton New Jersey. In 1848 she proposed that the federal government give financial assistance to states to build hospitals for the mentally ill and the legislation was passed. However, in 1854 the legislation was vetoed and welfare responsibility was returned to the states. Also in 1848, feminists such as Susan B. Anthony and Elizabeth Cady Stanton convened at the Seneca Falls Convention to declare a goal of equal rights and opportunity in education, employment and legal rights. This would challenge the limited opportunities that existed for an abandoned mother of three. She would have been limited in her education, employment opportunities and political standing. Towards the middle of the century, education increased and the views regarding children’s needs began to change. In an effort to provide education and shelter to needy children, Charles Loring Brace founded the Children’s Aid Society in 1853 New York. He felt that the urban environment was dangerous to children due to crime and delinquency. This organization could have given devastating consequences to an abandoned woman with three children because it was the elementary form of modern foster care. The Children’s Aid Society would remove children from families who could not provide â€Å"proper care† for their children. They would then transport these children to families in rural areas in an effort to provide opportunities in a new, â€Å"safer† environment. A woman deserted by her husband could have very easily been considered and unfit parent, as she requested financial assistance from her counterparts. During this time period, she would be in danger of having her children taken from her care and given to an unfamiliar family where she would no longer be able to contact them. The Children’s Aid Society transported over 50,000 children in a period of 25 years; these children typically became runaways. In 1864, Frederic Le Play completed the first scientific study of poverty; he investigated its causes, consequences and possible solutions. This study may have provided evidence that poverty is not the sole blame of the individual. After the time of the Civil War, 1861-65, the political climate called for a need of health services for the wounded soldiers, as well as the families of the deceased. Many slaves were freed but lacked any education, health care or employment opportunities. Due to this deficiency, the federal government began to take responsibility for the people. In 1865, the Freedman’s Bureau was established; it was the first federal welfare agency and provided health care, education, housing for the freed slaves. In1872, the Bureau ended because the Federal government did not want to facilitate welfare. Late 1800’s Towards the late nineteenth century, ideas of Social Darwinism began to influence society. It was believed those able to work would thrive and live successfully whereas those who weren’t would fail and perish; it was survival of the fittest and intervention for the poor was felt to go against nature. For this reason, financial assistance was not provided to the needy. Middle class reformers continued to assume individual flaws caused poverty. Lack of morals continued to be blamed for the conditions of the poor. However, people began to understand that certain environmental factors were responsible as well and felt that the poor needed some guidance. In 1877, Reverend Steven Gurteen established the first Charity Organization Society in Buffalo, NY, in an effort to serve as an organizing body for all private charities. This organization developed a list of the poor served in their communities so that each person would be limited to services from one charity. In this case, the woman with three children would not be able to reach out to more than one private charity, as her services were recorded. This woman would receive services from the â€Å"friendly visitor†. This was typically a middle-class female volunteer who would visit the home to investigate the living conditions and reasons for poverty. The â€Å"friendly visitor† would come to the home of the woman, inquire about the reasons for which her husband deserted her and teach her about the moral values of the middle class. The goal was to â€Å"fix† the immoral environment so that the woman would be able to uplift herself from circumstance and become able to adequately care for her home and children. She would be given advice on how to correct her problems. Additionally, they would record information about the woman and return it to their agency to better understand life in the slum. The â€Å"friendly visitors† seldom had knowledge or experience with the poor, which caused a huge, disconnect between them and their clients; often the clients suffered from decreased self-esteem. By 1890, there were 4,000 practicing â€Å"friendly visitors†. The recording practices of the visitors led to a better understanding of poverty and its causes. It became understood that the sole responsibility does not fall on the individual. By the end of the 19th century, immigration increased and overcrowding was at its peak. There was a deficit in housing and education. In response, the first settlement house, the Neighborhood Guild, was opened in New York in 1886. In 1889, Jane Adams and Ellen Gates Starr opened the most influential settlement house, known as Hull House. This would have been the first helpful opportunity presented to a mother of three who was deserted by her husband. At Hull House, she would be given a home to live in without the cost of rent. The residents at Hull House were primarily women and immigrants. â€Å"In 1891, Florence Kelley Wischnewetzky was fleeing from her husband and seeking refuge for herself and her three children, ages six, five, and four. ‘We were welcomed as though we had been invited,’ she wrote thirty-five years later in her memoirs†¦Jane Adams supplied Kelley with room, board and employment. † Hull house provided families with daycare and kindergarten services, education and training for residents, culture nights to become familiar with various cultures, a library and entertainment. Additionally, women in settlement houses worked to advocate for housing, public health care and improved working conditions for men, women and children. The Hull House residents conducted campaigns, which led to the passing of legislature, which mandated an eight-hour workday for women and children in Illinois. As knowledge of the poor grew through work in the settlement houses and friendly visitors, a growing need for a formal education was presented. In 1898 the first school for social workers was established, The New York School of Philanthropy (Columbia University). Conclusion In the 1800s, a woman with three children deserted by her husband would have faced many hardships in obtaining any financial assistance. Social welfare and charity were the responsibility of the community and the needy were distinguished based on their â€Å"worthiness†. Able-bodied unemployed people were considered unworthy and sinful. For this reason, moral teaching was the primary means of relief. However, as the 19th century progressed and urbanization led to an increase in poverty, social reformers such as Jane Addams began to take notice and advocated for the need to assist immigrants in obtaining housing, heath care, and employment. Throughout the century, the federal government assumed some responsibility for the welfare of the people, as in the Freedman’s Bureau but would abruptly re-delegate the responsibility to the states. However, the creation of the Charity Organization Society demonstrated that social welfare relief was evolving to become an increasingly centralized institution. The 1890’s settlement movement would be the first major form of assistance for a deserted mother of three, where she would be able to obtain much needed services for her and her children.

Suspicious Samples- Statistics Project Coursework

Suspicious Samples- Statistics Project - Coursework Example To determine whether this particular outcome is possible, we need to establish the probability distribution that the outcomes we obtained follow, and rework a theoretical model that follows a similar trend. Essentially, determination of whether an ART cycle will result in a pregnancy or not presents us with two possible outcomes: yes or no. In addition, whenever an individual is picked from among other potential members of the sample, this individual is unlikely to be picked on a subsequent trial. This is much like the case of tossing a fair coin several times, but with the exception that individuals leave the non-sampled population once included in the trial. Such trials follow the Poisson distribution (Letkowski, 2). Since each trial is not influenced by the previous trial in any way, including by way of outcome obtained, this distribution is discrete. We now reflect upon the available information o establish how possible it is to come up with ten subsequent trials whose outcomes are absolutely similar despite there being competing possibilities of outcomes. The Poisson distribution follows the formula: In the above equation, the expected value of x is ÃŽ ». Using this formula, we can work out the probability of obtaining a specific outcome. In this case, this corresponds to the outcomes that all did not involve a pregnancy. We observe the following: 1) From the provided statistics, the average rate of occurrence of an ART cycle without a pregnancy corresponds to the percentage of such a happening. This is given as 66.5 = 0.665. This figure is supposedly uniform across members of productive females’ age generations. This corresponds to our ÃŽ ». This result indicates an extremely rare probability, but one that is clearly achievable. For comparison purposes, we may want to evaluate how this probability compares with that of getting pregnant from an ART. We notice that there is a decline in the total probability of selecting in